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Vericiguat - Wikipedia

美國食品藥物管理局(FDA)於1月20日批准Merck(默克)和Bayer(拜耳)共同研發的心臟衰竭藥物Vericiguat(VerquvoⓇ),其為口服給藥的水溶性鳥苷酸環化酶(soluble guanylate cyclase,sGC)刺激劑,是首款用於因心臟衰竭住院或需門診靜脈注射利尿劑治療的病患。可減少有症狀的慢性心臟衰竭且射出分率(ejection fraction)低於45%的成年人,因心臟衰竭所引起心血管死亡及導致住院的風險。

鳥苷酸環化酶( guanylate cyclase),是一種單次穿膜的細胞表面受體,可在激活後將鳥苷酸(GTP)環化爲cGMP。cGMP是細胞內信息傳遞第二信使,在調節血管張力、心臟收縮性和心臟重塑中發揮作用。

NO/cGMP signaling cascade and small molecules that modulate this pathway, used in the current study. Nitric oxide, generated by nitric oxide synthase, diffuses across the plasma membrane and through the cytoplasm. In leukocytes NO reacts with the active site of guanylyl cyclase (guanylate GC), and stimulates the production of the intracellular mediator cyclic GMP (cGMP). Next, cGMP interacts with the cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG), which phosphorylates multiple substrates, and participates in signal propagation. Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDEs, not shown) can rapidly hydrolyze cGMP and terminate signal propagation. The NO/cGMP signaling pathway can be specifically targeted using small molecules. The nitric oxide donor provides an exogenous source of NO. The activator of soluble guanylyl cyclase binds to GC, and induces enzyme activation in the absence of NO. The cell permeable analog of cGMP diffuses across the plasma membrane, and thus, activates cGMP-dependent signaling.

而新藥Vericiguat的機轉則是直接刺激鳥苷酸環化酶( guanylate cyclase)產生cGMP。Vericiguat是默沙東和拜耳聯合開發的一種口服、每日1次、可溶性鳥苷酸環化酶(sGC)激動劑。sGC是一氧化氮(NO)信號通路中的重要酶。當NO與sGC結合時,該酶催化細胞內環磷酸鳥苷(cGMP)的合成,cGMP是細胞內信息傳遞第二信使,在調節血管張力、心臟收縮性和心臟重塑中發揮作用。NO合成障礙和sGC活性降低可能與心肌和血管功能障礙有關,從而導致心力衰竭。vericiguat獨立於NO並與NO協同刺激sGC,增強細胞內cGMP水平,導致平滑肌舒張和血管舒張。

Vericiguat Improves Outcomes in Patients with Worsening Heart Failure | DAIC

根據VICTORIA的臨床三期試驗結果,該試驗達到臨床試驗的終點,評估Vericiguat對於射出分率降低的療效,相較安慰劑降低絕對風險4.2%,證明患者因首次發生心血管死亡或心臟衰竭住院的比例有顯著減少。因此,兩家公司在一份聯合聲明中表示,平均需要一年治療24名患者,可防止發生一次因心血管死亡或心臟衰竭導致住院的事件。

參考資料:

https://www.biospace.com/article/merck-and-bayer-win-fda-approval-for-heart-failure-drug/

 

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